If the game is off when an event is set to come, will it wait till I turn the game on again?
As already said, events happen about every 24 hours. If you turn the game on (say) 25 hours after the last event you would get a new event, then the next would be 24 hours after that. However, if you wait 48 or more hours before turning the game on, you would only get one event. The game doesn't 'catch up' and the events are 'lost'.
The sounds are random, decided when the villager gets an adult 'voice'. Their occupations don't make a difference.